Due to continuous spray of water, there IS improvement in physical conditions of earth and composition of soil. 2. Length of strip is decided by the slope of land and its structure. Two different methods of irrigation are- modern methods that include sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation; traditional irrigation that includes manual irrigation where water is pulled out by the farmers themselves from the wells and canals to irrigate the land. So,the traditional method was cheaper but less efficient. Water seepage below the ground is also in minimum quantity. 3. It is costly to draw out pitchers again and again and re-fix them. Furrows irrigation method Furrow irrigation uses small parallel channels that run along the length of the field. Along the side of rows of crops, ‘Dol’is formed, and in between two such ‘Dols’, a furrow is formed in which water flows for irrigation. Surface methods include flooding and furrow irrigation, as well as basins around trees and shrubs. They are the Following. Evaporation of water is minimum in this method. What is Traditional Method of Irrigation? 4. Machinery like tractors and threshers are used. Crop… It is often called flood irrigation when the irrigation results in flooding or near flooding of the cultivated land. In this method, water directly reaches the roots of the plants, which take water to plants in balanced quantities. Yeast: Origin, Reproduction, Life Cycle and Growth Requirements | Industrial Microbiology, How is Bread Made Step by Step? It does not require any technical knowledge. Most of the drippers work on pressure. They are mainly of five types: 1. Direction of the air should also be kept in view and it should be fitted at 90° of the direction of the air but in no case it should be lesser than 45°. The basic equipment for drip irrigation consists of a water supply head, a main pipe, lateral pipes and drippers. 2. Strips are built according to the slope, and, like with the check basin method, the source of water is always at the highest point, from where the flow of water can spread to the whole field. It is helpful in soil conservation and stabilization of sand dunes in desert areas. Completing the CAPTCHA proves you are a human and gives you temporary access to the web property. Answer Now and help others. In addition, sprinkler systems provide the best coverage regardless of the size of the farm. This method requires clean water because unclean water would cause blockage of minor holes, which would not be able to provide moisture any longer. The rate of lateral spread of water in the soil depends on soil type.i.e. 4. 3. Explain the factors which cause dormancy. The soil water can be maintained at the field capacity during the crop growing period. It irrigates more area. Making ‘Dol’ for drains requires more labour information. Large areas can be irrigated at a time. (vi) Structure of Drip Irrigation Method: The following are the main organs of drip irrigation method: water pump, main PVC, pipeline, branch PVC pipeline connected to main line, plastic pipes connected to branch line, drippers connected with plastic pipes, fertilizer tank for application of fertilizers, valve, water measure, pressure controller, filter etc. The field is divided into basins according to the water capacity. Efficiency of drip irrigation method depends on suitable operation of drippers. Methods of irrigation Traditional methods. If the slope of branch ‘Dhora’ is steep, ‘mooonja’ or polythene is spread in it to prevent erosion of sides. continuation..... traditional methods of irrigation... science project rahat The Rahat system of irrigation was used in older times as a way to get water from a well by using oxen dhekli In the dekhli system,ropes and a container are used to get water from a well and are used In areas where change in temperature of earth, environment and humidity is required for growth of crops, sprinkler irrigation method is possible to a certain extent. Traditional methods of irrigation often include pulley systems that are used to deliver water to soil, vegetation, flowers, and/or other forms of plant life. 4. 5. 3)Dhekli. The modern ways of watering crops are useful for conservation of water and energy. Furrow irrigation method is resorted to where crops are one grown in rows. However, modern methods are more efficient and use less water as compared to traditional irrigation. Smooth, graded, gravity-driven slopes suit surface irrigation best. Sprinkler irription method is an easy and simple method of irrigation in present times. The various traditional method of irrigation are. It requires lesser number of labourers hence, it can be developed even where there are less workers. Fertilizer application as well as insecticide spray can be done by sprinkler system. 3. Irrigation of crops need to be done according to time hence, crops requiring water at similar time should be sown near each other, so that extra labour is saved. The conventional methods were less efficient and effective. The application of water and piping systems needs to be designed according to the type of crops, topography and weather conditions typical to the geographical area. Along the side of rows of crops, ‘Dol’is formed, and in between two such ‘Dols’, a furrow is formed in which water flows for irrigation. Maintenance is more beneficial in case of tube well as compared to well and an engine. Irrigation Methods – Types of Irrigation Methods:-There are many Irrigation methods available to adapt based on soil, crop type, water availability and method of planting.Irrigation Methods- Surface irrigation (Traditional Irrigation):- This type of irrigation old and most popular irrigation methods used in most of the countries since centuries. So Rahat system of irrigation uses animal labour. Share Your PDF File 3. Humidity is spread in the same proportion as the size of the pitcher. Traditional Irrigation Methods: (i) Check Basin Method (ii) Furrow Irrigation Method (iii) Strip Irrigation Method (iv) Basin Irrigation Method. 8. Water is the most important requirement for agriculture. Even in case of uneven lands, drip irrigation method can do balanced irrigation. How does it happen? This method is not suitable for crops. The whole land becomes available for cultivation of crops, whereas in traditional irrigation methods, 15 to 20 per cent land remains vacant in depressions and boundaries. Numerous subclasses exist within each of these basic methods. 3. This irrigation method is one of the most effective for scattering water throughout the areas with a high water table. Your IP: 67.227.155.73 3. 5. Irrigation tries to remove this deficiency caused due to inadequate rainfall. In different situations, different furrow methods are used (Surajbhan 1978). Wherever land is sloppy, pressure on valves increases by 50 to 10 per cent, which results in stoppage of working of valves on the upper side. Lesser labourers are required for irrigation work. In sprinkler system, parts needed are pipe, nozzle, risen, coupler, bend, reducer, foot baton and dot etc. Food sometimes enters the wind pipe and causes choking. It requires special technical knowledge for successful operation of this method. Another way to prevent getting this page in the future is to use Privacy Pass. 3. You’ll learn all the above mentioned irrigation methods in details here. It does not require any technical knowledge. After that it is not possible to shift its place. Surface irrigation can be subdivided into furrow, border strip or basin irrigation. 4. It saves time. 3. 1. While fixing sprinkler system on the farm, the following facts should be kept in mind: 1. This system saves the crop from extreme frost or temperature. In this method, rain water stays in basins, hence soil erosion is not caused. Disclaimer Copyright, Share Your Knowledge | EduRev Class 8 Question is disucussed on EduRev Study Group by 116 Class 8 Students. 2. Branch ‘Dhora’ flows towards the slope from the main ‘Dhora’. The width of drains is affected by factors like flow of water, percentage, slope and structure of the ground etc. These pumps run by electricity,solar energy,diesel and biogas. Wild or Free Flooding: Flooding method of irrigation is in use since centuries. Initial investment depends on location of the tube well and area of the field. Flow rate of drippers is 2 to 10 litres per hour. This method is also prevalent in India as it does not cause any burden on the farmer. Uneven ground level where irrigation is not possible by other irrigation methods. Cloudflare Ray ID: 621593211a33745d ‘Dhora’ is of two types, one is the main ‘Dhora’ and the other ‘Dhora’ is connected to basins. Normally, distance between two pitchers should be kept so much that the humid area between them does not overlap. Plants are able to get nutritive elements in a very limited area. In modern irrigation practice several flooding methods have been developed. 7. It is one of the best methods of irrigation for levelled fields. 1. what is irrigation?2. As time passes, we use an efficient way of irrigation so that get an effective result with minimal usage of water. These basins are surrounded by small furrows. 2. In traditional method,human labour or animals were used for lifting water for irrigation. ADVERTISEMENTS: Read this article to learn about the major advantages and disadvantages of irrigation. Thus, it is a suitable irrigation method for sustainable development of water resources in present times. Crop is damaged by changing sprinkler system again and again. If rainfall is insufficient there will be deficiency in fulfillment of water requirement. 6. The ways of irrigation have undergone major changes over the past few decades. Machines cannot be used m this method because during spray of insecticides or fertilizers, the earthen walls of basins are damaged.
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