The claim that "the Rape of Nanking surpasses much of the worst barbarism of the ages" has been a source of disagreement between Western and Japanese scholars. If, in one paragraph, you list multiple quotes from the same page of a source, there is no need to cite that source anew each time. Here's an explanation and example using MLA style, from the MLA Style Center website: "The citation should appear only after the final sentence of the paraphrase. Cite 1 Recommendation Including page numbers in citations. RE: How do you cite multiple quotes in the same sentence by the same author (APA)? Example: In “Atomic War or Peace,” Albert Einstein wrote: “The release of atomic energy has not created anew problem. But be sure to use them sparingly in each paragraph, as too many semicolons can make your writing feel repetitive. 4). This rule only holds true within one paragraph at a time. Now consider the following quote from the above passage: Writing in 1997, Iris Chang was undoubtedly correct that Japan's version of the Nanking Massacre exemplified "how the Japanese, as a people [once] manage[d], nurture[d], and sustain[ed] their collective amnesia-even denial-when confronted with the record of their behavior through [the] period [of World War II]." Here your reader might think that the first sentence is your idea and that Baron’s idea begins in the second sentence. This also helps differentiate your own ideas from those in your references. Remember: report only the source's answers, not the questions you asked. 1. . As the MLA Handbook notes, “ [W]hen an entire paragraph is based on material from a single source,” you might “define a source in the text at the start” (125). . (Use italics or underlining for titles of longer works, such as books, plays, and films.) APA 6th Edition. Basic Considerations When Writing on History. Since one citation at the end of a paragraph only notes that the last sentence of the paragraph came from the cited source, earlier sentences in the paragraph should also introduce the citation instead or in addition to other citations in paraphrased sentencesfrom the same source. You can alternate this with putting the in-text cite in parentheses at the end of other sentences or the paragraph. This rule only holds true within one paragraph at a time. . Find the sentence or paragraph in your paper that you wrote that referenced the work of your sources. An awkwardly placed footnote or reference obstructs the flow of your paper. All quotes are placed in double quotation marks with one exception: If a passage you are citing contains a quote, the quote within your quote is placed in single quotation marks. At the end of the paragraph type the author's name followed by the appropriate page number. “I love this dress,” said Sally, carefully taking it out … The opposite could also be the case, i.e. In this case, the individual page numbers cited are separated by commas, in both MLA and Chicago. A block quote is a lengthy quote that is visually set off from the rest of your paper. Partial sentence quotes; distinguishing a signal phrase. (On this, see also The Ethics of Quoting.). Ideally, you would not need to have an entire paragraph that is a paraphrase of someone's ideas. Is there an extra sentence… . National Cancer Institute. Morin distinguished the HIV (viral) epidemic from the subsequent AIDS (disease) epidemic, foreseeing the ultimate convergence of preventing the spread of the virus and managing the disease it causes. I do not refer to “the researcher” in sentence 2, so the reader will not know that these ideas are not my own without the citation. Because the two quotations are separate sentences in their own right, I've included a full stop at the end of the first one to make that distinction clear. Let’s go back to ... DAW Books, 2009), 32. You can modify, as long as you do not change a quote's meaning. In a signal phrase in the sentence, I refer to “the researcher,” which the reader now knows to be Townsend. They are optional, so use your own judgment as to whether to follow them or not. Notice that the material added is placed in square brackets, visually indicating to the reader that it is not part of the original text. Check out an example from the invaluable APA Style Blog:. When a quotation has multiple paragraphs, use a quotation mark at the start of each paragraph (to remind readers that they're still reading a quotation) but not at the end of the paragraphs except the last one. Cancer.gov. To properly cite the ideas of an author who you have paraphrased in two or more sentences in a row, you will need to include a reference to the author and the appropriate parenthetical citation at the end of the last paraphrased … 128, no. Following U.S. style elsewhere in your example, you would add a close double quotation mark after the comma to signify the end of the first quoted sentence: 3. Chinese-American historian Iris Chang offers the following statistics in her effort to illustrate the full scope of the Nanking massacre: Note that, in MLA, as shown above,the final punctuation of a block quote - unlike the punctuation for a regular short quote - is placed immediately after the end of the last sentence, preceding (not following) the parenthetical reference. 193-200. Ask the MLA. If the author’s name and the date of publication are included before the quotation, then provide only the page numbers immediately after the quotation. Citing two sources in once sentence MLA entails noting items in a partial list for example (Dee and Smith 264). If paraphrasing multiple consecutive sentences from the same source, cite each sentence to avoid plagiarism. 2. The most common types of primary brain tumors are Anaplastic Astrocytomas and Glioblastomas (38%), and Meningiomas and other Mesenchymal tumors (27%) (NCI, 2019). 12. The non- binding guidelines below are intended to maximize your paper's readability. “This is the second paragraph of a long, boring quote. • When quoting from the text, always explain the quotation in your own words. Morin also discussed a third epidemic . For a one-paragraph quotation that includes two or more sentences, place the quotation marks only at the beginning and end of the entire quotation, not at the beginning and end of each sentence. Therefore, putting one citation at the end of a paragraph paraphrase is NOT APA compliant. If your references/quotes run concurrent to each other, you can use one citation at the end, i.e., (Smith 23, 32). Chinese-American scholar Iris Chang argues that "the Rape of Nanking represents one of the worst instances of mass extermination" ever (Chang 5). N.d. 2 Quotes for 1500 words, (5) Use page numbers when Citing Quotes, (6) Don’t Italicize Quotes, (7) Avoid quotes inside quotes. For example: According to … For example: According to a report done in New York, “In 2005, there were 2,000 abortions for every girl under 20, 19.5 for every under 19. 2. 2. This link shows some options for citing consecutive sentences. If you are citing the same source multiple times in a text within the same paragraph, be sure to use the following APA guidelines: Sentence-level in-text citation guidelines. Morin (1988) described two separate but linked epidemics. Trauma characteristics and posttraumatic stress disorder among adolescent survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Today’s post explains how to use ellipses between quoted paragraphs. Baron, Naomi S. “Redefining Reading: The Impact of Digital Communication Media.”, Ask the MLA. The first time you use the source in the paragraph as part of the sentence, give the citation of the author’s name and year (even if you already used a parenthetical citation). The best way to solve this problem and still make your paper easy to read is to use a lead-in referring to your source at the beginning of a sentence or at the start of the paragraph (signal phrase). Sometimes a sentence includes words that identify the source or quoted words, but the quote is not a complete sentence. Quoting Multiple Sentences . 4 Use the following questions to check if you are unnecessarily using a long quotation: Where does the helpful part of the quotation begin and end? Each paragraph needs to link up not only with the previous paragraph, but also with the thesis of the essay. The rule: Indicate that you have skipped material within a quote by placing three periods (an ellipsis) in place of the missing material. Find the paragraph in your paper you wrote based on your source. Or, instead cite it as a Long Quotation with one citation: This might be easier to read and more clear for your reader. And, Part 5 closes the series by discussing ellipses in dialogue. Try to make it clear in each following sentence if it is still coming from the same source, using phrases like "According to", "They also state...", "That article concludes...". The cited text must directly follow each other. 1. The claim that "the Rape of Nanking surpasses much of the worst barbarism of the ages" (Chang 5) has been a source of disagreement between Western and Japanese scholars. In this case, separate the different authors listed in your reference by a semicolon, in both MLA and Chicago. 2. (2019, May 3). You cannot just put one at the end of the paragraph, which is plagiarism. Note: In the examples below, we use MLA-style parenthetical in-text references. Consider the following passage from Iris Chang's The Rape of Nanking: "Any attempt to set the record straight must shed light on how the Japanese, as a people, manage, nurture, and sustain their collective amnesia-even denial-when confronted with the record of their behavior through that period" (Chang 15). You can alternate this with putting the in-text cite in parentheses at the end of other sentences or the paragraph. In fact, she notes, "the death toll of Nanking-one Chinese city alone-exceeds the number of civilian casualties of some European countries for the entire war (Chang 5). . How to use quotes in an essay: (1) Avoid Long Quotes, (2) Quotes should be less than 1 sentence long, (3) Match Quotes with Explanations and Examples, (4) Use Max. The rule, again: when quoting a passage that contains a quote, the quote within the quote is placed in single quotation marks, as above; notice that the larger quote within which the quote-within-the-quote is embedded, is placed in double quotation marks, as ever. It seems a bit redundant to have the same part after nearly every sentence in a given paragraph. APA 6th Edition. citations mla. I probably wouldn't use a paragraph such as the above in formal English, but in copywriting or an informal article, it could work well. The claim that "the Rape of Nanking surpasses much of the worst barbarism of the ages" has been a source of disagreement between Western and Japanese scholars (Chang 5). If you have multiple works in that paragraph, the rules here apply to each source separately. Generally, when including multiple in text citations in one sentence MLA, the names of all editors will be included followed by a comma and “eds” without including quotation marks. Using Quotes in a Paragraph Using Quotes in a Paragraph When you quote, you copy an author’s statements exactly as they appear in a source, word for word and punctuation mark for punctuation mark, enclosing the borrowed material in quotation marks. Such lengthy quotes are formatted as block quotes. Part 3 covers ellipses at the beginning and at the end of a quoted sentence. Here are the complete references for the in-text cites in the examples above: Your citation must also include double spacing. Separate names with a semicolon, enclose the entire reference in parentheses and place it at the end of the sentence but before the period. Once you shift to a new paragraph, you’ll need to start over with the citation pattern described above.
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